The methodical and planned use of killing and violence in Indian-administered Kashmir constitutes crimes against humanity in the context of an ongoing conflict. The Indian state’s governance of Indian-administered Kashmir requires the use of discipline and death as techniques of social control. Discipline is effected through military presence, surveillance, punishment, and fear. Death is disbursed through “extrajudicial” means and those authorized by law. These techniques of rule are used to kill and create fear. The violence of militarization in Indian-administered Kashmir, between 1989-2009, has resulted in 70,000+ deaths through extrajudicial or “fake encounter” executions, custodial brutality, and other means. In the enduring conflict, 667,000 military and paramilitary personnel continue to act with impunity to regulate movement, law and order across Kashmir. Full article.